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  • Why is the palm oil industry struggling with energy management?
  • However, load fluctuations due to mill size and insufficient supply of biogas and photovoltaic are significant challenges in energy management for the palm oil industry. Adopting renewable energy solutions is hindered by process disturbances and climatic variability caused by weather, ambient temperature, relative humidity, and solar radiation.
  • What is the energy resource management challenge in palm oil industry?
  • A critical challenge in the energy resource management of the palm oil industry is meeting dynamic energy demands while maintaining efficient control over energy storage throughout various production stages .
  • How does palm oil refinery work?
  • The palm oil refinery process employs physical steam refining methods to remove palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD), encompassing several key steps: degumming, bleaching, filtration, and deodorization, as visualized in Fig. 2 b . Degumming begins as CPO enters the neutralization section, where the oil is preheated using an economizer.
  • Why is palm oil a renewable source?
  • Adoption of biomass and biogas combustion makes the palm oil industry a renewable source since CO 2 emissions created during production and waste combustion are part of the carbon cycle and are absorbed during the growth period and palm plantation .
  • How does climatic variability affect energy management in the palm oil industry?
  • Address the energy management in the palm oil industry under climatic variability. By focusing on the dynamic climatic conditions that influence renewable energy generation, this research seeks to establish a robust energy management system that can withstand and adapt to weather-induced fluctuations.
  • Why is the palm oil industry growing?
  • The palm oil industry is currently experiencing substantial growth, characterized by intense competition and continuous development . This expansion has coincided with an increasing interest in environmental protection within the industry , reflecting a broader commitment to sustainability.