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  • Does microfiltered dried palm oil mill effluent sludge diet improve Nile fish survival?
  • The efficiency of the microfiltered dried palm oil mill effluent sludge (MPDS) diet on muscle composition, growth, and feed utilization of the Nile fish was compared with fish oil (FO) diet and crude palm oil (CPO) diet. Higher survival rate was recorded in fish fed with MPDS compared to other feeds.
  • How can the palm oil sector improve its sustainability?
  • By transforming waste into valuable resources, the palm oil sector can improve its sustainability, minimize environmental footprints, and establish new revenue streams. Palm oil is obtained from palm oil tree (Elaeis guineensis) as a liquid by-product of crude palm oil (CPO) production process (Obayomi et al., 2023).
  • Can palm oil mill effluent be converted to a commodity?
  • Conversion of POME to a commodity will provide extra income to the industry. Potential energy products, pesticides, value-added-chemicals etc. are reviewed. Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a substantial by-product generated in the palm oil industry that has traditionally been regarded as waste due to its high pollutant content.
  • Can palm oil mill waste be used for antimicrobials?
  • Another potential POME use that has been explored is the production of antimicrobials. Boukaew et al. (2024) utilised waste from palm oil mills including oil palm decanter cake (OPDC) and palm oil mill effluent (POME) as substrates for the production of antimicrobial agents via fermentation using Streptomyces philanthi RM-1-138.
  • What is palm oil mill effluent?
  • Furthermore, Zulfahmi et al. (2021) reported that processing every ton of palm oil produces about 2.5 m 3 of palm oil mill effluent (POME). POME is among the primary biomasses obtained from the palm oil mill in the form of wastewater during sterilization, extraction, and clarification processes (Low et al., 2021).
  • What is the main source of environmental pollution from the palm oil mill industry?
  • POME is the main source of environmental pollution from the palm oil mill industry. Conversion of POME to a commodity will provide extra income to the industry. Potential energy products, pesticides, value-added-chemicals etc. are reviewed.